The city of Bukittinggi in the Dutch colonial era was called Fort de Kock and was also known as Parijs van Sumatra. The city, whose anniversary is commemorated every December 22, was once the capital of the province of West Sumatra until 1978 (de jure), and was also appointed as the capital city of the Republic of Indonesia when Yogyakarta (which was the nation's capital at that time) was occupied by the Dutch in December 19, 1948. The move of the national capital from Yogyakarta to Bukittinggi was known as the Emergency Government of the Republic of Indonesia, which in 2006 was designated by the government as National Defense Day.