These posts are not for foraging. They are intended for entertainment and intellectual satisfaction only. These posts are not a field guide nor comprehensive in any way - their accuracy is not assured in any way. Do not eat wild mushrooms unless you are a professional, have substantial professional assistance or have a wealth of personal experience with a specific species. Do not make any foraging decisions based on these posts. To do so could be dangerous or life threatening.
These Posts Contains No Information Regarding Edibility Or Toxicity
If you live near, or have ever walked through, a forest, ever, then this will look familiar.
Anyone who hikes through even the most basic natural woodland will have encountered this site a million times: A downed log awash in a large colony of ubiquitous shelf mushrooms. Most people simply ignore them, but even the mycologically inclined tend not to pay them much attention either.
When I pass by such a sight, I usually give a quick look and keep on going. Generally, I decide that the mushrooms are not interesting enough to warrant the investigation into their species and that they are probably just a variation on the "Turkey Tail" anyway.
But, since making the choice to regularly post on this blog, I've been paying a lot of attention to all the fungus I find as I explore the often mushroom rich confines of NYC.
Which is how I ended up spending some time with these guys.
All of these mushrooms were growing on an old hardwood log in Central Park
Obviously, the colony was thriving, although all of the mushrooms were also fairly old and beyond the point of releasing spores. The green coloration is, I belief, an algae rather than a color of the mushroom itself, although the green is a frequent associate of several Trametes species, and specifically seems regularly present to some degree in Trametes villosa.
Trametes is a genus filled with very thin, tough, color-striated polypores - most famously containing the species Trametes versicolor, or the Turkey Tail, linked to above. Beyond Trametes versicolor, there is not a ton of literature on the other species in the genus, at least not outside of scientific papers talking about its various scientific and practical uses - with specific focus once again on Laccase.
Its possible that the Trametes genus is discussed in more detail in some polypore specific field guide somewhere, but for the most part I ended up relying on Kuo's information and one of the references he cites to, specifically the second hand description of Hanns Kreisel's observation of T. villosa in South America.
Let's take a closer look.
Personally, I think these are quite fetching
The caps - averaging around 2-4cm across - have well defined concentric zones of , mostly whites, light browns and slight orchre. The green algae or moss adds a delightful aliveness to the inorganic looking earth tones of the cap. But even with the algae growth, viewed from a distance, the mushrooms look like clam shells growing out of an old log.
The cap has basically no real "flesh", the whole thing being very thin. It is a little thicker than heavy duty construction paper, but more pliable. Although tough, the mushroom is so thin that larger specimens are easily torn by hand.
KOH had no measurable reaction on the cap or the pores, although both were quite old. And although the spores are likely white, these were too spent to retrieve a print.
Let's flip these guys over.
This was why I decided to take some samples of this mushroom colony in the first place.
That pore surface appears to be toothed! Most of the mushrooms we have encountered have been either pored or gilled, but aside from The Lion's Mane mushroom, Hericium erinaceus, we have not yet encountered a mushroom with "teeth" on the spore surface.
Moreover, I had never seen a small shelf mushroom like this that had a toothed pore surface, so I believed it to be remarkable.
Just to clarify what I mean by "teeth", take a look at this close up.
See how the pores are clearly individually defined and stick out?
That is generally what we mean by a "toothed" mushroom.
However, in the case of T.villosa, although the "teeth" seem readily apparent, the species is not really a "toothed" mushroom.
A real toothed mushroom, like H.erinaceus, develops the spore bearing teeth from the beginning, and then the mature spikes or teeth release the spores from their surfaces. In the case of T. villosa, the tooth-like effect pictured here is really just a side effect of the mushroom's aging and deterioration.
The young T. villosa, which I did not encounter, does not display such "toothy" pores. Instead, the mushroom begins life with a more conventional polypore pore network, and then, as the pores grow and distribute their spores, the pores slowly lengthen. It is only the fully mature, or even old, specimen which displays the pores in their final, essentially spent condition - as tooth like tendrils.
Although I misinterpreted the significance of the teeth on this specimen, the trait was nonetheless centrally important to achieving a relatively certain identification. Which supports my arguments for detailing your fungal discoveries as carefully as possible. You never know which trait is going to end up being the one to point you in the right direction.
It is with the spirit of detail in mind that I reveal another little spoiler!
Those familiar with basic microscopy will recognize the significance of this particular picture
This is a calibration slide. Its purpose may not be immediately obvious, but for certain microscopic observations it really couldn't be more important.
The calibration slide will allow me to calibrate my microscope's viewing software and enable it to take very accurate microscopic measurements. For certain inscrutable genuses, this information can be super important.
I don't know when that particular trait will be dispositive in an identification yet, but as I said before, the more detail I have the better. I'll be making a post devoted to the microscope calibration process either later this week or in the near future.
THIS POST IS NOT INTENDED FOR FORAGING PURPOSES AND TO USE IT FOR THOSE PURPOSES WOULD BE DANGEROUS. DO NOT HUNT WILD MUSHROOMS WITHOUT RELYING ON A COMBINATION OF PROFESSIONAL FIELD GUIDES, IN PERSON PROFESSIONAL GUIDANCE, OR IN PERSON GUIDANCE BY SOMEONE TRUSTWORTHY WHO HAS COPIOUS LOCAL, SPECIALIZED MUSHROOM HUNTING EXPERIENCE. FAILURE TO DO SO CAN RESULT IN GRIEVOUS PERSONAL HARM OR DEATH.
Photos Are My Own
Information Sources:
[1]Kuo, M. (2005, March). Trametes villosa. Retrieved from the MushroomExpert.Com Web site
[2]Corner, E.J.H. 1989. Ad Polyporaceas VI. The genus Trametes. Beihefte zur Nova Hedwigia. 97:1-197 - Quoting Kreisel - via mycobank.org
[3]Kuo, M. (2005, March). Trametes versicolor: The turkey tail. Retrieved from the MushroomExpert.Com Web site